Crucible of Civilization
Directions: Answer the following questions based on the movie. The questions are listed in the order they appear in the film. IMPORTANT: The Crucible of Civilization is a two part film. This is part 1 and you will also watch part 2 of the film to get a more complete story of the rise and fall of the ancient Greeks.
What was the situation in Athens in 508 BC?
pandamonium roamed the streets and ordinary people turned on their leaders in search of freedom and escaping repression.
What class did Cleisthenes come from and what kind of power did this group exercise over Athenians?
brought up to be a ruler
- born in 570 B.C., he was an aristocrat (the ruling class/elite)
- aristocracy ruled Athens
How did Aristotle describe life for most Athenians in the 6th century BC?
- the country was in the hands of a few people, which was better
- no reading and writing
- common people had no say
- often injustice
Where were the great civilizations in Cleisthenes day and how was Greece geographically different than these?
- had many mountains and small islands
- south and east to egypt and persia
- divided into independent "city-states"
What Greek city seemed the most likely to dominate all others politically during Cleisthenes lifetime?
- Sparta
- Spartans brought up to be soldiers; no comfort and lots of discipline
What specific stories inspired Cleisthenes and his fellow Greeks?
- ancient tales and myths
- Homer's the Iliad and the Odyssey; included heroes and struggles
Describe Arete, the Greek ideal or vision of a hero.
what specific stories inspired Cleisthenes and his fellow Greeks?
- ancient tales and myths
- Homer's the Iliad and the Odyssey; included heroes and struggles
describe Arete, the Greek ideal or vision of a hero.
- Cleisthenes brought up to be this
- pursuit a life of greatness and glory through strength and valor
- seize power for oneself and be a real-life hero
What surprising political move did the ruler Pisistratus make in order to consolidate power in Athens?
- he turned to the commoners for support rather than the elite
- lower taxes and free loans
What was Athens' most valuable trading commodity?
- olives for cooking oil
- moisturizer
- soap
What Athenian product that was almost worthless at the time now commonly fetches millions of dollars on the Antiquities market? What were the artisans who made these products main motivation in doing such good work?
- the vase
- their main motivation came from doing each other
How was Hippias a different ruler than his father Pisistratus? What did he do to his father's reforms?
He was a tyrant, He stripped away the citizens' reforms/freedoms
What did Cleisthenes do in 510 BC? How was Greek society in Athens changing at this time?
He tried to overthrow Hippias for power for himself and his family; he succeeded
How had the Olympics changed from their founding to the days of Cleisthenes and how did this festival influence ordinary Greeks?
Ordinary people could participate and get fame
Who did Isagoras turn to in 508 BC to help him overthrow Cleisthenes?
The Spartans
What happened in Athens while Cleisthenes was in exile? What did this do for Cleisthenes?
A revolution, They turned to him to lead them
What did Cleisthenes carve out from the hillside that was near the Acropolis and why did he do this? What was this the beginning of?
A meeting place for all the citizens, To give everyone a say in the government, Democracy
What was the situation in Athens in 508 BC?
pandamonium roamed the streets and ordinary people turned on their leaders in search of freedom and escaping repression.
What class did Cleisthenes come from and what kind of power did this group exercise over Athenians?
brought up to be a ruler
- born in 570 B.C., he was an aristocrat (the ruling class/elite)
- aristocracy ruled Athens
How did Aristotle describe life for most Athenians in the 6th century BC?
- the country was in the hands of a few people, which was better
- no reading and writing
- common people had no say
- often injustice
Where were the great civilizations in Cleisthenes day and how was Greece geographically different than these?
- had many mountains and small islands
- south and east to egypt and persia
- divided into independent "city-states"
What Greek city seemed the most likely to dominate all others politically during Cleisthenes lifetime?
- Sparta
- Spartans brought up to be soldiers; no comfort and lots of discipline
What specific stories inspired Cleisthenes and his fellow Greeks?
- ancient tales and myths
- Homer's the Iliad and the Odyssey; included heroes and struggles
Describe Arete, the Greek ideal or vision of a hero.
what specific stories inspired Cleisthenes and his fellow Greeks?
- ancient tales and myths
- Homer's the Iliad and the Odyssey; included heroes and struggles
describe Arete, the Greek ideal or vision of a hero.
- Cleisthenes brought up to be this
- pursuit a life of greatness and glory through strength and valor
- seize power for oneself and be a real-life hero
What surprising political move did the ruler Pisistratus make in order to consolidate power in Athens?
- he turned to the commoners for support rather than the elite
- lower taxes and free loans
What was Athens' most valuable trading commodity?
- olives for cooking oil
- moisturizer
- soap
What Athenian product that was almost worthless at the time now commonly fetches millions of dollars on the Antiquities market? What were the artisans who made these products main motivation in doing such good work?
- the vase
- their main motivation came from doing each other
How was Hippias a different ruler than his father Pisistratus? What did he do to his father's reforms?
He was a tyrant, He stripped away the citizens' reforms/freedoms
What did Cleisthenes do in 510 BC? How was Greek society in Athens changing at this time?
He tried to overthrow Hippias for power for himself and his family; he succeeded
How had the Olympics changed from their founding to the days of Cleisthenes and how did this festival influence ordinary Greeks?
Ordinary people could participate and get fame
Who did Isagoras turn to in 508 BC to help him overthrow Cleisthenes?
The Spartans
What happened in Athens while Cleisthenes was in exile? What did this do for Cleisthenes?
A revolution, They turned to him to lead them
What did Cleisthenes carve out from the hillside that was near the Acropolis and why did he do this? What was this the beginning of?
A meeting place for all the citizens, To give everyone a say in the government, Democracy
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